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Fundamentals of Horticulture – Chapter List
- Introduction to Horticulture
- Classification of Horticultural Crops
- Soil and Climate for Horticultural Crops
- Plant Propagation: Introduction and Methods
- Sexual Propagation and Seed Germination
- Seed Dormancy
- Asexual or Vegetative Propagation
- Propagation Structures and Nursery Management
- Stock–Scion Relationship
- Principles of Orchard Establishment
- Training of Fruit Crops
- Pruning of Fruit Crops
- Juvenility and Flower Bud Differentiation
- Unfruitfulness in Horticultural Crops
- Pollination, Pollinizers and Pollinators
- Fertilization and Parthenocarpy
- Plant Bioregulators in Horticultural Crops
- Irrigation and Fertilizer Application in Horticultural Crops
Syllabus
Theory
Horticulture: Its different branches, importance and scope, Horticulture and botanical classification, soil and climate for horticultural crops. Plant propagation: methods and propagation structures, seed dormancy and seed germination, Merits and demerits of sexual and asexual propagation Stock-scion relationship. Principles of orchard establishment, principles and methods of training and pruning of fruit crops, Juvenility and flower bud differentiation, unfruitfulness in horticultural crops, pollination, pollinizers and pollinators, fertilization and parthenocarpy, importance of bio regulators in horticultural crops, irrigation and its methods, Fertilizer application in horticultural crops.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Fundamentals of Horticulture
1. What is horticulture?
Horticulture is the science, art and business of growing, managing and utilizing fruits, vegetables, flowers, plantation crops, spices and ornamental plants.
2. What are the major branches of horticulture?
The major branches include pomology, olericulture, floriculture, landscape horticulture, plantation crops, spices and medicinal and aromatic plants.
3. What is pomology?
Pomology is the branch of horticulture concerned with the cultivation and management of fruit crops.
4. What is olericulture?
Olericulture is the branch of horticulture concerned with the production and management of vegetable crops.
5. What is floriculture?
Floriculture is the branch of horticulture dealing with the cultivation and management of flowers and ornamental flowering plants.
6. What is plant propagation?
Plant propagation is the process of multiplying plants through sexual or asexual methods.
7. What are the two main methods of plant propagation?
The two main methods are sexual propagation through seeds and asexual or vegetative propagation through plant parts.
8. What is seed dormancy?
Seed dormancy is a condition in which a viable seed fails to germinate even under apparently favourable conditions.
9. What is asexual propagation?
Asexual propagation is the multiplication of plants using vegetative parts such as stems, roots, leaves, buds or specialized structures.
10. What is the difference between stock and scion?
The stock or rootstock provides the root system, while the scion is the shoot portion of the desired cultivar used in grafting.
11. What is an orchard?
An orchard is a planned area where fruit trees or other perennial horticultural crops are systematically grown for production.
12. What is training in fruit crops?
Training is the process of directing and shaping plant growth into a desired form to develop a strong and productive canopy.
13. What is pruning?
Pruning is the selective removal of unwanted, dead, diseased, damaged or excess plant parts to regulate growth and improve productivity.
14. What is juvenility in fruit crops?
Juvenility is the period during which a plant is unable to produce flowers even when environmental conditions are suitable.
15. What is unfruitfulness?
Unfruitfulness is the failure of a horticultural plant to produce fruits normally despite having reached the appropriate stage of development.
16. What is pollination?
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.
17. What is a pollinizer?
A pollinizer is a plant or cultivar that provides viable and compatible pollen to another cultivar requiring cross-pollination.
18. What is parthenocarpy?
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without fertilization and generally results in seedless or nearly seedless fruits.
19. What are plant bioregulators?
Plant bioregulators are natural or synthetic substances that regulate plant growth and development, including flowering, fruit set, fruit growth and ripening.
20. What are the major methods of irrigation in horticultural crops?
The major methods include surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is widely used for efficient water application in orchards and other horticultural crops.
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Last Updated: August 2026
